Social
Human flourishing and sleep quality by age group among South Korean adults: A cross-sectional study Jaeyoung Ha* Jaeyoung Ha Sung-il Cho
Introduction: While sleep quality has been linked to psychological predictors, such as happiness and life purpose, its relationship with broader dimensions of subjective well-being (i.e. human flourishing) remains understudied.
Methods This study surveyed 1,217 South Korean adults aged 19–64 years through simple random sampling. Human flourishing was assessed using the Flourish Index (FI), which includes two items across five domains: happiness and life satisfaction, health, meaning and purpose, character and virtue, and close relationships. Total flourishing scores (0–100) were calculated by summing domain scores, with higher values indicating greater flourishing. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; 0–21, higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality). Regression models were adjusted for sociodemographics and health behaviors, including gender, education, marital status, income, depression, anxiety, alcohol, and tobacco use.
Results Flourishing scores were significantly related to sleep quality across all age groups, even after adjusting for covariates The associated flourishing domains differed by age. For those aged 19-29, Happiness and Life satisfaction (beta (SE): -0.273 (0.090) p=0.002), and Close social relationships (beta (SE): -0.122 (0.054), p=0.025) were significant. Health was the significant factor for those aged 30-39 (beta (SE): -0.118 (0.061), p=0.05). aged 50-59 (beta (SE)=-0.136 (0.071), p=0.05), and aged 60-64 (beta (SE)=-0.266 (0.100), p=0.009).
Conclusion Sleep quality correlates with different aspects of flourishing across age groups. For individuals aged 30 and older, health was strongly linked to sleep quality, while happiness and relationships were more significant for those aged 19-20. Further research should examine the age-specific associations between sleep quality and human flourishing.
