Screening
Screening test for the potential prevention model based on natural history of disease in preventive medicine Noriko Miyake* Hideo Yamazaki Xiao Qing Hikaru Yamazaki
Introduction: One of the most effective preventive measures to prevent lifestyle-related diseases (LRDs) is an active health-oriented approach in primary prevention. Two application stages of the primary prevention should be addressed during the susceptibility phase of the natural history of disease. In practical activities of community health based on Health Promotion (HP) proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), health-oriented practical efforts in the susceptibility phase are particularly effective. The present study proposes a potential prevention model as a new framework that contributes to active health in the susceptibility phase from a light of HP. As a basis for the proposal, a screening test that enables practical application of the potential prevention model will be discussed.
Methods: Based on the authors’ previous findings, the potential prevention model is presented. In addition, the screening test was conducted to enable practical application of the model. The analyzed data for the screening test were obtained from questionnaire surveys of the elderly as linkage data. Then a principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to valid data.
Results: The semi-health index was calculated by applying PCA to identify the semi-health status, a lower level of health condition, in the susceptibility phase. Then the index score was calculated by the norm eigenvectors of the first principal component (PC1). Furthermore, a distribution of the elderly with the semi-health status was determined by using this score. As a result, the prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and false positive rate showed 39.2%, 85.0%, 76.8%, 70.3%, 88.8% and 0.23, respectively.
Conclusions: The findings from this study made it possible to divide the susceptibility phase into the good health and semi-health phases. From the perspective of HP activities, it will be possible to take measures specifically for the semi-health phase.